An intense political and religious controversy is unfolding in the heart of Jerusalem’s Jewish Quarter, centered around the historic Tiferet Israel Synagogue. After decades of destruction, rebuilding, and symbolic weight, the question of who controls the site has reignited ideological battles among key players in Israel's coalition government.

At the heart of the conflict: a government proposal to place the synagogue under the management of the Western Wall Heritage Foundation, overseen by Minister Meir Porush (United Torah Judaism). That move was met with fierce opposition from Religious Zionism and Otzma Yehudit, who successfully pressured Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to remove the decision from the cabinet agenda. The issue is now awaiting discussion in a coalition leadership meeting.

A Symbol of Faith, Identity, and Power

Beyond the bureaucratic fight lies a deeper rift: which group gets to define Jewish religious life in one of Jerusalem’s holiest spaces? The religious-Zionist camp claims historical and moral ownership, citing their involvement in the reconstruction since the days of former Housing Minister Uri Ariel. They argue that ultra-Orthodox control could lead to exclusionary practices, such as omitting prayers for the State of Israel or the IDF.

The building itself is iconic. Known in Yiddish as Reb Nissan's Shul, the synagogue was originally constructed between 1857 and 1872 by Hasidim of the Ruzhin dynasty, led by Rabbi Yisrael of Ruzhin and his son Rabbi Avraham Yaakov of Sadigura. The site became a spiritual hub for Hasidic life in Jerusalem, particularly for the Boyan Hasidim.

One famous legend tells of Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph visiting the half-built synagogue in 1869 and asking why it had no dome. The rabbi replied: "The synagogue has doffed its hat to the Emperor." The emperor then funded the completion of the dome.

In 1948, during Israel’s War of Independence, the synagogue became a military outpost for the Haganah. Sacred books were used as sandbags; doors served as sniper shields. When the Jewish Quarter fell to the Jordanian Legion, the building was blown up — part of a broader effort to erase Jewish landmarks in the Old City.

It remained a pile of rubble until after the 1967 reunification of Jerusalem, when it was partially cleared and used as a symbolic memorial. Only in 2012 did full-scale restoration begin, funded by the Jewish Quarter Development Corporation and the Ministry of Jerusalem and Heritage. In March 2023, the iconic dome was placed back atop the structure, prompting celebration — and conflict.

So who, indeed, owns this synagogue? The state? The Hasidim? Religious Zionists? Or does it belong to all of Israel?